Map of EU countries and candidates
The European Union has 27 member countries. Croatia was the last to join, on 1 July 2013. Nine more are candidates, from Ukraine and Moldova to Türkiye and the Western Balkans. Kosovo is a potential candidate, and the UK left on 31 January 2020. The table lists every member and candidate. Download it as CSV, or embed the map free with credit.
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Source: European Union, EU countries and History of the EU; European Commission, Enlargement and Eastern Neighbourhood (facts compiled by Ultimaps, CC BY 4.0)Data for
Member27of 39 regions
Candidate country9of 39 regions
Potential candidate1of 39 regions
Data
| Region | Category | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Austria | Member | Joined 1 January 1995 |
| Belgium | Member | Founding member: EEC and Euratom treaties (Rome) took effect 1 January 1958 |
| Bulgaria | Member | Joined 1 January 2007 |
| Croatia | Member | Joined 1 July 2013 |
| Cyprus | Member | Whole island drawn as one region; EU law is suspended in the areas not under the effective control of the Republic of Cyprus (Protocol 10 of the 2003 Act of Accession) |
| Czech Republic | Member | Joined 1 May 2004 |
| Denmark | Member | Joined 1 January 1973 |
| Estonia | Member | Joined 1 May 2004 |
| Finland | Member | Joined 1 January 1995 |
| France | Member | Founding member: EEC and Euratom treaties (Rome) took effect 1 January 1958 |
| Germany | Member | Founding member as the Federal Republic of Germany; the former GDR's territory joined on reunification, 3 October 1990 |
| Greece | Member | Joined 1 January 1981 |
| Hungary | Member | Joined 1 May 2004 |
| Ireland | Member | Joined 1 January 1973 |
| Italy | Member | Founding member: EEC and Euratom treaties (Rome) took effect 1 January 1958 |
| Latvia | Member | Joined 1 May 2004 |
| Lithuania | Member | Joined 1 May 2004 |
| Luxembourg | Member | Founding member: EEC and Euratom treaties (Rome) took effect 1 January 1958 |
| Malta | Member | Joined 1 May 2004 |
| Netherlands | Member | Founding member: EEC and Euratom treaties (Rome) took effect 1 January 1958 |
| Poland | Member | Joined 1 May 2004 |
| Portugal | Member | Joined 1 January 1986 |
| Romania | Member | Joined 1 January 2007 |
| Slovakia | Member | Joined 1 May 2004 |
| Slovenia | Member | Joined 1 May 2004 |
| Spain | Member | Joined 1 January 1986 |
| Sweden | Member | Joined 1 January 1995 |
| Albania | Candidate country | General Affairs Council agreed on 24 June 2014; endorsed by the European Council of 26-27 June 2014 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Candidate country | European Council, 15 December 2022 |
| Georgia | Candidate country | European Council, 14 December 2023. Accession process de facto halted by the Council since June 2024 |
| Moldova | Candidate country | European Council, 23 June 2022 (applied 3 March 2022) |
| Montenegro | Candidate country | European Council, 16-17 December 2010 |
| North Macedonia | Candidate country | Brussels European Council, 15-16 December 2005 |
| Serbia | Candidate country | European Council, 1-2 March 2012 |
| Turkey | Candidate country | Declared a candidate State by the Helsinki European Council, 10-11 December 1999 (applied 1987) |
| Ukraine | Candidate country | European Council, 23 June 2022 |
| Kosovo | Potential candidate | Then part of Serbia and Montenegro, named a potential candidate at the EU-Western Balkans summit in Thessaloniki; the Commission lists Kosovo as a potential candidate today |
| Iceland | Government asked that Iceland no longer be regarded as a candidate country; talks on hold since 2013 | |
| United Kingdom | Left the EU at midnight CET on 31 January 2020; the Withdrawal Agreement took effect 1 February 2020 (transition period to 31 December 2020) |